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But I’m better now – can’t I use again?

October 30, 2015 by Ashley Leave a Comment

So, you’re wondering if you can ever successfully use again.

Think you can moderate? That it’ll be better this time?

Who knows. Maybe you’re right.

But before you decide, do yourself a favor and watch watch this talk:

If it looks familiar, that’s probably ’cause I just referenced this in my last article. But while it namely addresses dealing with the issue of addiction itself, there’s another level to it. A question that only a fellow addict might think to ask. The original talk mentions disconnectedness driving discontent – and thus addictive behavior. This makes a good deal of sense. Because (if you didn’t watch the vid as I instructed in which case shame on you) the rat experiment (which essentially resolved the rodents’ addictions by offering them utopian cages) illustrated an important point: we need in-the-flesh connection, purpose, and stimulating brain food to feel fulfilled – to not become addicted. Otherwise, we get stuck in any number of different addictions – from smart phones to smack. However, after watching, I had that nagging “something’s missing” feeling.

And I think that, in part, was a question:

If get my cage all in order, why can’t I successfully use again? In moderation?

Won’t my new connections be enough to override my proclivity to overuse?

What would truly interest me is another sequel study. One where those rats in isolation – who’d gotten good and hooked on heroin – were suddenly removed, and abruptly introduced into Rat Park. My inquiry would be this: how long would it take for them to wean themselves off the spiked hydration? Would they at all? Was it contingent on how long they’d spent addicted?

I ask this from the perspective of a recovering addict.

Because I myself understand that, personally, picking up a drug or drink is tantamount to playing Russian Roulette with a slow-motion bullet. One that gradually unravels your life until you finally die, wish you would, or make everyone around you wish they would. Some people can use recreationally, occasionally. Some people, like me, most likely cannot. Could I use successfully again? Maybe. But the stakes are too high to risk that unknown. Especially when you recognize the neuroscience behind it. You see, there are at least two bullets in my pick-up gun and they’ve both got science on their side. The first has to do with cravings. Studies have shown that when you feel a craving (whether it’s for that overpriced bakery down the street or what the dealer standing on the corner outside’a it’s got), something malevolent unravels in your mind. You go kinda dumb. The other, logical processing centers of your noggin shut off. You’re focused on only the object of your desire until it (eventually) subsides. This takes longer for addicts because we spent so long getting what we wanted. I took a good long time to lose my cravings – to reinvite them into my life by testing the waters blessed by Pinot Noir Jesus makes no sense. A sip’s not worth the likely drowning that’ll ensue.


(Yes, this non-logic seems brilliant when in the midst of a craving.)

The yes-and to that is this: even if I can make myself moderate – these returned cravings that serve as off-buttons to my logic and reason will mean devastation to other areas of my life. Think about all the stuff you need reasoning for: relationships, work, not chasing down the guy who cut me off yesterday and lighting his house on fire. I suppose this is what all of those old-timers in meetings mean when they talk about “successfully using”. Maybe I can moderate. Maybe I can use. But not without it culminating in mistakes at work, failed relationships, and a traffic massacre.

Point two on the sciencey level is this: habits.

Habits form in your brain in a very specific way. And the bastard thing about it? That they’re never truly gone. They’re there – waiting in the wings for you to eff up your new, better life. For me, the past-life hell-dwelling habit is too familiar, too ingrained, and too easy to return to. In that, I’m not alone – and I don’t just mean other addicts, either. In fact (in keeping with the rat theme), another fantastic rat study spotlighted this beautifully.What they did was go into the creatures’ brains using photon wizardry (AKA optogenetics), and turned off new, normal habits which formerly reprobate rats had acquired through practice. Wanna know what happened? Every damned time, these recidivist rodents went right back to their old ways.

That, then, begs the question: what dissolves a new ‘n improved habit?

I mean, you ‘n me don’t have Harry Potter in a lab coat waving a light wand over our basal ganglia (ganglii? gangliases? gangbanglasses?) So, what exactly is it that might threaten our new way of being – so that we know how to be on the defensive when we see it coming? In my experience, I notice that one time it happens is when any element of that rat park (connection, cerebral snacks, purpose, or do-gooding) get eliminated for more than a few days at a time. A subtraction of something good. The other? An addition of something bad. For me, that includes stuff like mindless T.V.. Channel surfing. Gossip. Excessive online browsing. And… finally… anything that alters the chemicals in my brain to the point where I feel like I’ve clicked over to a faux filter. Case in point – this anti-itch prescription pill I was given for a rash not long ago. They claimed it was non-habit forming. But it was infatuation at first feel for me as I sat on the couch for hours doing what could’ve been an audition for that one pot commercial.

I suppose, until they do my proposed rat experiment of combining junkie rats with well ones, this all’s as good of proof as any. Well, for me at least. Because I do feel that how long you spend in active addiction (versus how well and long you build up your rat park) determines how well you’re going to overcome your prior life. The thing is, with us humans, we have to be really careful with assuming we can moderate or that we’re “all better”. Some of us might be. And that’s fine. But as higher-consciousness creatures, we’re very adept at finding new addictions to avoid connection we perceive as being potentially threatening. The rats just had a vat of smack. For us, there’s social media, text messaging, emails, Youtube, Netflix, and Netflix ‘n chill for that matter. (And, no, the latter doesn’t count as connection if your brain’s miles away from your partner during the act.) Some of us have successfully built a whole cage out of our own, technical heroin water. We’ve built a rat hell – which deceivingly looks like a park in all its allure and avatar pals. It’s not. In that way, most of us can identify with stigmatized addicts. Because most of us are, in some sense. With the help of introspection and connection with our fellow “rats”, we can pull ourselves out of our respective mouse infernos.

How? By taking some quiet time to reflect on what we want. We quiet need time away from the glistening damnation in which we’ve ensconced ourselves. And why the fluff is that important? ‘cause – part of the curse of being higher-consciousness beings – we aren’t animals waiting on bipolar lab-coated sadists to build our rat parks (while our isolated, involuntary dope fiend neighbors go through the sweats and shakes). No one’s gonna do it for you. You’ll hear a lot of implied lies in the form of commercials and entertainment. But no answers. And – so long as we’re distracted by our phones and T.V.’s – something else, something external, is always gonna be dictating to you what you want. (Protip: It’s not what you want. Not if didn’t want it till someone suggested you weren’t good enough without it.) Some refer to the solution as meditation, but there are plenty’a ways to achieve this state. It doesn’t matter. It could happen during a thoughtful jog. While you’re fishing. As you pluck your nose hairs. Nobody cares. The point is that you block out the BS, find out what matters most to you, and then sow the seeds from there by taking right actions. Every damned day.

A recovering addict’s rat park is kinda like a tree.

The branches bear the fruit of all our connections, passions, and positive stimulation.

But they only flourish if we tend to the roots.

And avoid toxic exposure – however much we may miss it.

Posted in: Addiction Tagged: addiction, connection, rat park, relapse, ted talks

Changing your cage: what rats teach us about addiction

October 29, 2015 by Ashley Leave a Comment

Think you’re well connected to your fellow species members?

Great. Then answer me this: How many friends do you have on Facebook?

…that you actually in-the-flesh hang out with? Or ever would?

This may seem like a kinda strange way to break into talking about addiction.

However, the issue of connection – or a lack thereof – is indeed one fascinating common denominator most addicts share. And that makes sense, if you think about it. ‘cause as this captivating dude who gave a TED talk recently explains – when we lack any constant, positive, true interaction with others, we seek substitute means to feel connected. Even via artificial means. Stay disconnected – and that can turn into what you ‘n I know as addiction. This sort’ve rivals the old theory – that “anyone can get addicted if exposed to a chemical long enough”. Why? ‘cause my patients who roll into my clinic all doped up on Dilaudid (or whatever they’re peddling nowadays) don’t start hitting up the pill mill for refills when their body recovery time’s ended a week or three later. They don’t switch over and pick up a firewater habit either. They’re anxious to get back to their nice, normal lives. Why? They’ve got something good to return to. A family, friends, job, whatever. Pro’lly all three. True addicts are different.

And it’s not just humans who demonstrate this either.

In a fascinating series of studies, scientists tinkered with (what else but) rats. Or maybe they were mice. Who knows. The point is that they revealed a good bit o’ mindblow while using them to study addiction. How’s that, you ask? Well, to answer that, we hafta look at the first round of experimental designs – which explain why that former “anyone can get addicted” fallacy was so popular for a while. In that preliminary test, the white coats threw Mickey, Minnie, and all their homies in separate cages equipped with nada but two kindsa water. The first? Your average, unfettered agua. The other? A drug puddle; heroin laced H2O. And what happened? Well, in this circumstance, the rats would almost always prefer the drugs. They’d eschew the clean stuff, chug the junkie brew, and overdose pretty much every time. And from this, they assumed, they could draw the conclusion that anyone (any rat at least) could get addicted.

Right? Case closed?

Not necessarily…

Because on the heels of that study, someone with more “outside the cage” thinking came along. And what they noticed was something relevant: the experimental design. The cage layout. The other options the rat had. These poor furry bastards were sat in these dismal digs – no real stimulation other than their daily rations and a sole (albeit synthetic) supply of feel-good. What this scientist knew is that when we’ve got an alternative au natch means of feel-goodery (via our daily doings with other beings), we’re less inclined to pursue the faux version of it. To test this theory, homeboy did something equal parts innovative and brilliant. What he constructed was called a “rat park”. An amusement park for rats. Other rats, toys, tunnels, puzzles, tons of fun stimulation, and… (still) the two kinds of water. One spiked. One not. This bit remained the same from previous experiment.

The results?

While the rats in study one had a 100% OD rate… rat park residents had none.

They didn’t want the heroin laced drank.

When they had better shiz to do, the dope water was avoided like a vat of hot lava.

So… how’d they go from 100% to zero?

Well, here’s a hint. In tennis, zero means love.

And love – stimulating connection with others – is exactly what the park provided.

The takeaway here’s that when we live happy and connected lives, we’ll wanna use far less – if at all. Program’s like NA and AA adhere to this theory brilliantly. Because a reformed addict can well connect with another addict – as they can recall what that life was like. That’s the connection element. The yes-and to this? That – should an addict relapse – they are always welcomed back with open arms. Literally. (Seriously, they love hugging over there.) And that’s another epic pointer the TED dude (his name’s Johann Hari, BTW) brought up about dealing with addicts. (Espesh if you’re a non-addict who can’t identify and has difficulty dredging up empathy.) The idea’s that an intervention’s not the answer. Compassion and willingness to connect is. Because, right now, the user’s chemical of choice is either the only or main sense of connection they feel in their lives. To threaten to take that away only will drive them closer to it.

The compassionate take, on the contrary, proposes the concept of unconditional love. Bear with me here – ‘cause I get if that sounds kinda campy – but there’s a logic behind it. If the underlying problem is disconnection, then coming in with a segue of connection is a far better answer than ripping out the rug from under ‘em. As dumb as it sounds, it’s more likely to work than the use of force. People want some positive connection. If wine’s all an alcoholic feels connected to, they’ll cling to that shiz till their liver throws up the deuce sign. You getting angry does nothing. The idea, Hari says, is to offer unconditional love. An offer to connect. An invitation. A possible replacement, that shows they’ve got more than a toxic means to feel accepted and safe. This is incredibly difficult – as the loved one of an addict. Especially if many people love the addict. Because it means you all have to be on the same page: voicing your concerns, yet letting them know you’re there for them with an offer of unconditional love. No, I won’t help you slowly kill yourself or confirm your poor lifestyle choices – but I also won’t get angry or judge.

(This is also tough logic to follow if the loved ones are co-dependents or enablers.)

And another example Hari pointed out demonstrated the effectiveness of this on a grander scale.

In Portugal, when drugs were decriminalized, they set up a special program for recovering addicts. What it centered on was giving addicts a second chance – by giving them a purpose. Going to prospective employers, they made the following proposition: you hire this ex-junkie, and we’ll foot fifty percent of the bill when it comes to his earnings. Just give him a job for at least a year and we’ll go Dutch on his check. The result of Portugal’s change? Injected drug use went down fifty percent, OD deaths declined significantly, and so did drug related HIV cases. Having a purpose – having a reason to get up and spark those connections we need (but are often hesitant to make outta fear) is crucial for humans. Thus, having a function made junkies recover – by giving them a new life perspective. One with people, stimulation, and work. Just like the Rat Park – with its other rats, toys, and puzzles.

So, I gotta ask: what’s missing from your park?

And is that driving you back to the spiked punch water?

That’s a question that took me some serious meditation and consulting with others to answer. Some days I still even hafta add amendments to my reply. There will always be that vat of aqueous temptation sitting somewhere in the corners of my cage. It might be wine at a family gathering. It might be the bottle of sake at the table next to me when I go out to PF Chang’s. It might be the Fentanyl I’m offered the next time I’m rushed the emergency room with a kidney stone – while in the throes of my weakest condition – pain. However, there’s a perspective now that gets me through. One that jibes with this talk. Because I realize now: so long as I keep the other elements in my life lodgings organized, I’m stable. So long as I keep both my outer and inner toys in my rat park well-maintained, I don’t need artificial comfort.

And so long as I’ve got positive rats around me, I can keep that perspective.

Posted in: Addiction Tagged: addiction, rat park, science, ted talks

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